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Nontropical pyomyositis in patients with AIDS
1Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Abstract:
Nontropical pyomyositis in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an unusual entity with only a few cases having been described in the United States. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism implicated. The infection usually presents in a subacute indolent fashion with minimal inflammation. Fever and leukocytosis may be absent, and blood cultures are frequently negative. The diagnosis usually can be established by a combination of clinical features, computed tomography or ultrasound, and prompt examination of material obtained by aspiration or debridement. This article describes two cases of S aureus pyomyositis in patients with AIDS and reviews the literature relevant to this infection.
Insights
Nontropical pyomyositis, a rare bacterial muscle infection, is uncommon in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Staphylococcus aureus is the typical cause, often presenting subtly without typical signs of infection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Nontropical pyomyositis is an uncommon bacterial muscle infection.
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) presents unique challenges in diagnosing opportunistic infections.
Observation:
- This article details two cases of Staphylococcus aureus pyomyositis in patients with AIDS.
- The study reviews existing literature on this rare clinical presentation.
Findings:
- Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent pathogen identified in nontropical pyomyositis cases.
- Infections in AIDS patients often manifest with subtle symptoms, including absent fever and leukocytosis, and negative blood cultures.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis of pyomyositis in AIDS patients is crucial.
- Diagnostic methods include clinical assessment, imaging (CT/ultrasound), and microbiological examination of aspirated or debrided material.