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Pemoline-induced autoimmune hepatitis

M J Sterling1, M Kane, N D Grace

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Faulkner Hospital, School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pemoline, a drug used for multiple sclerosis, can cause autoimmune hepatitis. This condition resolved after discontinuing the drug and completing prednisone treatment, with autoimmune markers normalizing.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease.
  • Pemoline is a stimulant medication with historical use in treating conditions like MS.
  • Autoimmune hepatitis is a liver disease where the body's immune system attacks liver cells.

Observation:

  • A 46-year-old woman with MS was treated with pemoline.
  • She developed autoimmune hepatitis, evidenced by elevated anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-thyroid antibodies, IgA, and IgM.
  • Liver enzymes were significantly elevated, indicating liver damage.

Findings:

  • The autoimmune markers (anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-thyroid antibodies, IgA, IgM) were elevated during active hepatitis.
  • These autoimmune markers normalized as liver enzymes returned to normal.

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  • Autoimmune markers remained negative for at least six months post-treatment with prednisone.

    • Implications:

    • Pemoline can induce autoimmune hepatitis, a rare but serious side effect.
    • Discontinuation of pemoline and treatment with corticosteroids like prednisone can lead to remission.
    • This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced liver injury in patients presenting with autoimmune hepatitis.