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Solid phase extraction of 2,4-D from human urine

T S Thompson1, R G Treble

  • 1Saskatchewan Health Laboratory & Disease Control Services Branch, Regina, Canada.

Chemosphere
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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A new method accurately measures 2,4-D in urine from environmentally exposed individuals. This technique uses solid-phase extraction for reliable 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) quantification.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • 2,4-D is a widely used herbicide.
  • Assessing environmental exposure requires reliable biomonitoring methods.
  • Urinary 2,4-D levels indicate exposure in non-occupationally exposed populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for quantifying 2,4-D in human urine.
  • To establish a reliable tool for biomonitoring environmental exposure to 2,4-D.

Main Methods:

  • Octadecylsilane (C18) solid-phase extraction (SPE) for sample preparation.
  • Fortification of human urine samples to determine recovery rates.
  • Estimation of method detection limit (MDL) using a 10 mL sample volume.

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Main Results:

  • High average percent recovery of 2,4-D: 100% at 2 ng/mL and 93% at 20 ng/mL.
  • Method detection limit (MDL) estimated at 0.75 ng/mL for 2,4-D.
  • Successful investigation into the use of 2,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid as a surrogate standard.

Conclusions:

  • A robust SPE method for urinary 2,4-D analysis was successfully developed.
  • The method is suitable for assessing environmental exposure in the general population.
  • This validated method contributes to public health research on herbicide exposure.