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HLA five-locus haplotypes in Finns

I Ikäheimo1, S Silvennoinen-Kassinen, A Tiilikainen

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Oulu, Finland.

European Journal of Immunogenetics : Official Journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) gene polymorphism reveals Finnish population migration after the Ice Age. Frequent HLA haplotypes suggest ancient links to Celtic and other Caucasoid populations, supporting migration from southern Scandinavia and Germany.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Population Genetics
  • Human Migration Studies

Background:

  • Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes exhibit extreme polymorphism.
  • HLA gene polymorphism is a valuable tool for population genetic studies and tracing migration patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize five-locus HLA haplotypes in the Finnish population from Oulu, Northern Finland.
  • To investigate post-Ice Age migration pathways into Finland using HLA haplotype data.

Main Methods:

  • Obtained 364 five-locus HLA haplotypes from random Finnish families.
  • Analyzed haplotype frequencies and compared them with existing data from various global populations.

Main Results:

  • The most frequent Finnish HLA haplotype (A3,Cw4,B35,DR1,DQ1) is an ancestral Caucasoid haplotype shared with Italians.

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  • Other frequent haplotypes show shared ancestry with Caucasoid populations in Europe and the USA, and some with Mongoloid and Black populations.
  • Specific haplotypes suggest ancient migration routes from southern Scandinavia and Germany, with potential eastern influences.

    • Conclusions:

    • Finnish HLA haplotypes are consistent with postulated ancient migrations from southern Scandinavia and Germany.
    • The findings support a common Celtic origin for a significant portion of the Finnish gene pool.
    • Evidence suggests both western and eastern influences on the Finnish population's genetic makeup.