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Related Experiment Videos

Electrocardiogram changes during positive pressure breathing in rabbits

F Joulia1, P Barthelemy, V Lafay

  • 1Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Respiratoire Intégree et Cellulaire (URA 1630 CNRS) Institut Jean Roche, Marseille, France.

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical ventilation with expiratory threshold load (ETL) alters electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms by reducing P- and T-wave amplitudes. These cardiac electrical changes occur independently of lung volume alterations during positive pressure breathing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Physiology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • Mechanical ventilation is crucial in critical care.
  • Positive pressure breathing can influence cardiac electrical activity.
  • Expiratory threshold loading (ETL) is a specific ventilation strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct effects of expiratory threshold load (ETL) on electrocardiogram (ECG) complexes.
  • To differentiate ECG changes caused by ETL from those due to lung volume changes.
  • To explore the role of the vagus nerve in ETL-induced ECG modifications.

Main Methods:

  • Anesthetized, paralyzed rabbits were subjected to mechanical ventilation with and without ETL.
  • Intrathoracic pressure, arterial blood pressure, and blood flow were monitored.

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  • Standard ECG recordings were analyzed for changes in complex duration and amplitude.
  • Experiments were conducted in both intact and vagotomized animals.

    • Main Results:

    • ETL significantly decreased arterial blood pressure and reduced arterial and venous blood flow proportionally.
    • No significant changes were observed in the duration of ECG complexes.
    • ETL markedly reduced the amplitude of P- and T-waves, but not R-waves.
    • This reduction in wave amplitude was more pronounced after vagotomy.
    • ETL increased the T-vector angle without altering the QRS vector angle.

    Conclusions:

    • Positive pressure breathing with ETL modifies ECG complexes independently of lung volume changes.
    • The observed P- and T-wave amplitude reductions may stem from altered transmural pressure gradients.
    • Vagotomy accentuates the impact of ETL on ECG wave amplitudes, suggesting autonomic influence.