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Related Concept Videos

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms02:18

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetic transfer occurs when genetic information is passed from one organism to another. It occurs via two mechanisms: vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer occurs when genetic information is transferred from one generation to the next, which happens much more frequently than horizontal gene transfer. Both sexual and asexual reproduction are forms of vertical gene transfer, where one or more organisms pass some or all of their genome onto their progeny.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation
09:48

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation

Published on: August 22, 2010

Interaction between the origin recognition complex and the replication licensing system in Xenopus

A Rowles1, J P Chong, L Brown

  • 1Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, Herts, United Kingdom.

Cell
|October 18, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is crucial for DNA replication initiation. In Xenopus, XORC1 depletion halts replication, and ORC binding to chromatin is essential for licensing replication origins.

More Related Videos

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development
09:22

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development

Published on: February 9, 2015

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System
09:40

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System

Published on: January 30, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation
09:48

Production of Transgenic Xenopus laevis by Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration and Nuclear Transplantation

Published on: August 22, 2010

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development
09:22

Manipulation and In Vitro Maturation of Xenopus laevis Oocytes, Followed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, to Study Embryonic Development

Published on: February 9, 2015

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System
09:40

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System

Published on: January 30, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The origin recognition complex (ORC) is a key regulator of DNA replication initiation in eukaryotes.
  • Understanding ORC function in different species is vital for comprehending cell cycle control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clone and characterize the Xenopus homolog of ORC (XORC1).
  • To investigate the role of XORC1 and Xenopus ORC (XORC) in DNA replication initiation and licensing in Xenopus egg extracts.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning of XORC1.
  • Immunodepletion assays using Xenopus egg extracts.
  • Purification of XORC.
  • Chromatin binding assays throughout the cell cycle.

Main Results:

  • Xenopus XORC1 was cloned, and its depletion inhibited DNA replication initiation.
  • Purified XORC resembles yeast ORC and binds chromatin throughout G1 and S phases.
  • Chromatin association of RLF-M, a licensing factor, depends on ORC, enabling sequential assembly of initiation proteins.

Conclusions:

  • XORC plays a critical role in initiating DNA replication in Xenopus.
  • ORC binding to chromatin is a prerequisite for the assembly of the replication licensing machinery.
  • This study elucidates a key step in the cell cycle-dependent regulation of DNA replication origins.