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Aggression from a developmental perspective: genes, environments and interactions

R B Cairns1

  • 1Center for Developmental Science, University of North Carolina, Chrapel Hill 27599-8115, USA.

Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Genetic influences on aggressive behaviors in mammals are dynamic and highly malleable during development. Developmental timing significantly impacts these genetic effects, challenging current evolutionary and behavioral genetics models.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Genetic influences on mammalian social behaviors are well-established.
  • Developmental perspectives offer a more complete understanding of these genetic effects.
  • Aggressive behaviors are a key area for studying genetic-environment interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review findings on the malleability of genetic effects on aggressive behaviors during development.
  • To explore how developmental timing influences genetic effects on social behaviors.
  • To integrate current understanding of genetic and environmental influences on behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Review of empirical findings on genetic influences on aggressive behaviors.
  • Analysis of developmental trajectories of genetic effects.

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  • Integration of concepts from social evolution, behavioral genetics, and developmental biology.

    • Main Results:

    • Genetic effects on aggressive behaviors are highly malleable and dynamic throughout development.
    • Developmental timing significantly shapes the nature of observed genetic influences.
    • Genetic influences on behavior are more readily manipulated than previously modeled.

    Conclusions:

    • Social behaviors are among the earliest traits influenced by genetic selection and environmental experience.
    • Developmental processes integrate genetic and environmental factors, shaping behavior over time.
    • Understanding the "nurture of nature" requires an integrative, developmental, and contextual approach.