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Changes in brain protease activity in aging

M Benuck1, M Banay-Schwartz, T DeGuzman

  • 1Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Division of Neurochemistry, Orangeburg, New York, USA.

Journal of Neurochemistry
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Aging alters protease activity and substrate susceptibility, affecting cytoskeletal protein breakdown. These changes in calpain II (an enzyme) and its substrates contribute to age-related cellular differences.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Protease activity changes with aging.
  • Cytoskeletal protein degradation is a key cellular process affected by aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related changes in cathepsin D and calpain II protease activity.
  • To determine how aging affects the susceptibility of cytoskeletal proteins to enzymatic degradation.

Main Methods:

  • Assays were performed on enzymes and substrates from young and aged brains.
  • Calpain II activity and specificity were measured using casein and neurofilament substrates.
  • The degradation rates of neurofilaments and tubulin were assessed.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Calpain II from aged brains cleaved neurofilaments faster than calpain II from young brains.
  • Young neurofilaments were more susceptible to calpain action than aged neurofilaments.
  • Age-dependent differences in tubulin breakdown were observed, distinct from neurofilament breakdown. Cathepsin D activity remained unchanged with aging.

    • Conclusions:

    • Aging alters protease enzyme activity and substrate susceptibility, impacting cytoskeletal protein breakdown.
    • Observed age-related increases in enzyme activity may involve changes in enzyme specificity and/or substrate susceptibility.