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Effect of physical activity on bone mass

M Sinaki1

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Current Opinion in Rheumatology
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Regular weight-bearing and high-intensity exercises are crucial for maintaining bone mass, especially in the spine and lower body. Early development of good nutrition and exercise habits builds a strong skeletal foundation throughout life.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
  • Physiology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Bone mass maintenance is influenced by physical activity, hormones, and nutrition.
  • Exercise programs, particularly weight-training and weight-bearing activities, are key for bone health.
  • Bone density is sensitive to physical activity levels, with cessation leading to metabolic changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of exercise specificity in modulating bone mass.
  • To recommend effective exercise strategies for bone mass maintenance.
  • To emphasize the role of early life habits in skeletal health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological responses to physical activity and immobility.
  • Analysis of the impact of exercise type and intensity on bone density.
  • Consideration of nutritional and genetic factors affecting bone health.

Main Results:

  • Weight-bearing and high-intensity loading exercises are recommended for spinal and lower extremity bone mass.
  • Cessation of physical activity causes rapid metabolic bone changes, though bone mass effects manifest over time.
  • Supervised exertional exercises are advised for patients resuming activity after immobility.

Conclusions:

  • Weight-bearing and high-intensity exercises are vital for preserving bone mass.
  • Establishing good nutritional and exercise habits early in life is essential for a strong skeletal foundation.
  • Continued research aims to counteract age-related bone loss and genetic predispositions.

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