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Contact allergy in children

A Wilkowska1, E Grubska-Suchanek, I Karwacka

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Medical Academy of Gdansk, Poland.

Cutis
|August 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

This study found that children with eczema have the highest frequency of contact allergy (60%). Potassium dichromate was the most common allergen identified through patch testing in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Immunodermatology

Background:

  • Contact allergy is a significant concern in pediatric dermatology.
  • Understanding the prevalence of contact allergy in children with various dermatoses is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of contact allergy in children aged 5 to 15 years.
  • To compare contact allergy rates across different dermatoses, including allergic and nonallergic skin conditions.
  • To identify common allergens responsible for contact allergy in this pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 100 children aged 5 to 15 years with diverse dermatoses was evaluated.
  • Subjects included those with allergic dermatoses (e.g., atopic dermatitis, eczema) and nonallergic skin diseases (e.g., alopecia areata, psoriasis, vitiligo).
  • Patch testing was performed to assess for contact allergy.

Main Results:

  • Contact allergy was most prevalent in children with eczema (60%).
  • Children with nonallergic dermatoses showed a lower frequency of contact allergy (32%).
  • Polyvalent allergy was common in children with eczema. Positive patch tests were most frequently observed for potassium dichromate (21%), cobalt chloride (11%), and neomycin sulfate (10%).

Conclusions:

  • Eczema is associated with a high incidence of contact allergy in children.
  • Potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride, and neomycin sulfate are frequent allergens in pediatric contact allergy.
  • These findings highlight the importance of patch testing in children presenting with specific dermatoses, particularly eczema.

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