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Ocular morbidity in patients with active systemic tuberculosis

J Biswas1, S S Badrinath

  • 1Vision Research Foundation, Madras, India.

International Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis can affect the eyes, with 1.39% of patients experiencing ocular issues. The most frequent finding was healed focal choroiditis, but Eales

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health concern, affecting both pulmonary and extrapulmonary systems.
  • Ocular manifestations of tuberculosis can lead to severe visual impairment if not diagnosed and treated promptly.
  • Understanding the spectrum of ocular morbidity in TB patients is crucial for early detection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the pattern of ocular morbidity in patients with active tuberculosis.
  • To identify the prevalence and types of ocular lesions associated with tuberculosis.
  • To explore potential correlations between ocular findings and specific diagnostic markers like the Mantoux test.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 1005 patients with active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
  • Comprehensive clinical examinations (ocular and systemic), radiologic evaluation, Mantoux testing, and sputum analysis for acid-fast bacilli.
  • Detailed assessment of ocular findings in 2010 eyes.

Main Results:

  • Ocular morbidity was observed in 1.39% of the studied TB patients.
  • The most common ocular finding was bilateral healed focal choroiditis, accounting for 50% of cases.
  • No cases of Eales' disease were identified in this cohort; no significant correlation was found between ocular lesions and Mantoux positivity.

Conclusions:

  • Active tuberculosis is associated with a notable rate of ocular morbidity, primarily manifesting as healed focal choroiditis.
  • The absence of Eales' disease in this series warrants further investigation in diverse populations.
  • Current diagnostic markers like the Mantoux test may not reliably predict the presence of ocular lesions in TB patients.

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