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Related Experiment Videos

Phytase

R J Wodzinski1, A H Ullah

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, University of Central Florida, Orlando 32816, USA.

Advances in Applied Microbiology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study engineered Aspergillus niger to produce high yields of phytase, an enzyme that improves phosphorus availability in animal feed and reduces environmental pollution. Bioengineered strains significantly increased phytase production, offering a valuable solution for sustainable agriculture.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Enzyme Engineering
  • Microbial Fermentation
  • Animal Nutrition and Environmental Science

Background:

  • Phytase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes phytate to release phosphorus, is crucial for improving nutrient availability in animal feed.
  • Wild-type Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135 produces phytase, but its synthesis is repressed by phosphate, limiting yield.
  • Understanding phytase structure and function is key to optimizing its production and application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance phytase production from Aspergillus niger through genetic engineering.
  • To characterize and clone phytase genes (phyA and phyB) for improved expression.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of bioengineered phytase as a feed additive for monogastric animals and its environmental impact.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Isolation and characterization of two phytases (phyA and phyB) and a phosphatase from Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135.
  • Purification, sequencing, and cloning of phytase genes.
  • Genetic engineering of Aspergillus niger and plant systems (tobacco, canola) for high-level phytase expression.
  • Immobilization of phytase on various matrices.
  • Feeding trials with monogastric animals (poultry, swine) and environmental impact assessment.

    • Main Results:

    • Aspergillus niger NRRL 3135 produces two distinct phytases (phyA, phyB) and a phosphatase.
    • Genetic engineering of Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88 resulted in a 1440-fold increase in secreted phytase yield.
    • Phytase (phyA) expressed in tobacco and canola seeds effectively released phytate-bound phosphorus when fed to animals.
    • Phytase supplementation in animal diets is effective and has been cleared in 22 countries, with FDA GRAS approval.
    • Widespread use of phytase in the US could prevent 8.23 x 10^7 kg of phosphorus from entering the environment annually.

    Conclusions:

    • Engineered Aspergillus niger strains offer a highly efficient method for commercial phytase production.
    • Transgenic plants expressing phytase provide a novel approach to delivering the enzyme in animal feed.
    • Phytase supplementation in animal feed significantly improves phosphorus utilization, reduces reliance on inorganic phosphate, and mitigates environmental pollution.