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Related Experiment Videos

Signal detection analyses of repetition blindness

N G Kanwisher1, J W Kim, T D Wickens

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Repetition blindness, a phenomenon where repeated visual targets are missed, is caused by reduced detection sensitivity, not response biases. This perceptual effect occurs in various visual search tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Human Information Processing

Background:

  • Repetition blindness (RB) is a phenomenon where observers fail to detect repeated visual targets.
  • Previous explanations for RB have included response biases, output interference, or guessing.
  • Kanwisher (1987) proposed RB reflects a genuine reduction in perceptual sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying mechanism of repetition blindness (RB).
  • To determine if RB is a perceptual deficit or a response strategy.
  • To test Kanwisher's (1987) sensitivity reduction account of RB.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a signal detection model (d') to quantify sensitivity.
  • Employed rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) of letter sequences.

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  • Tested RB with category-specified targets (vowels) and specific letter targets.
  • Varied stimulus duration and presentation format (serial vs. simultaneous).

    • Main Results:

    • Repetition blindness (RB) was consistently demonstrated across experiments.
    • A significant reduction in sensitivity (d') was observed for repeated targets compared to unrepeated targets.
    • RB persisted even with increased stimulus duration and in simultaneous displays.
    • Results were consistent with a reduction in perceptual sensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Repetition blindness (RB) is a genuine perceptual effect, reflecting reduced sensitivity to repeated visual targets.
    • The findings support Kanwisher's (1987) account of RB.
    • Alternative explanations involving response bias, output interference, or guessing biases are not supported.