Stimulus artifact removal in EMG from muscles adjacent to stimulated muscles

When stimulating muscles, EMG signals recorded in neighboring muscles can be contaminated by stimulus artifacts, and artifact deletion is necessary. We have devised a digital technique for removing stimulus artifacts from rectified EMG recordings in muscles which lie close to a stimulated muscle. This artifact deletion method replaces the rectified EMG during the artifact interval with an estimate of the rectified EMG. Our research requires detection of very small changes in EMG levels. Therefore, the artifact deletion technique described in this paper was designed to leave less than 10 microV of artifact in the rectified EMG post-processing. This technique relies on being able to estimate the artifact duration. Since stimulated muscles have M-waves that can overlap with artifacts, our technique is only appropriate for removing artifacts in muscles which are not being stimulated. Unlike other artifact elimination techniques, our technique does not change the mean value of the rectified EMG, regardless of artifact width. In addition, it provides a more accurate estimate of the rectified EMG during the artifact interval as opposed to sample-and-hold techniques.