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Is there a specific relationship between asthma and panic disorder?

A S Van Peski-Oosterbaan¹, P Spinhoven, A J Van der Does

¹Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Hospital, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands.

Behaviour Research and Therapy

|April 1, 1996

Summary

Panic disorder (PD) prevalence is similar in asthma patients and non-asthma patients. Asthmatics with PD report greater breathlessness during bronchoconstriction, but lung function remains comparable.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Psychiatry
Clinical Research

Background:

Panic disorder (PD) is often associated with respiratory conditions like asthma.
The relationship between PD and asthma, particularly concerning symptom perception and pulmonary function, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the prevalence of PD in asthma patients versus non-asthma patients.
To examine differences in pulmonary function and anxiety in asthmatic patients with and without PD.
To evaluate symptom perception during histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients with and without PD.

Main Methods:

Recruited 123 patients for histamine challenge tests.
Assessed baseline pulmonary function (FEV1), anxiety, and depression.

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Measured FEV1, perceived breathlessness, anxiety, and panic symptoms before and during induced bronchoconstriction.

Main Results:

PD prevalence was similar in asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients.
No significant differences in baseline FEV1 or histamine responsiveness (PC20) between asthmatic patients with and without PD.
Asthmatic patients with PD reported higher perceived breathlessness during bronchoconstriction compared to controls, despite similar FEV1 changes.

Conclusions:

The higher prevalence of PD in asthma is likely non-specific and may be influenced by patient selection bias.
Individuals with asthma and PD exhibit heightened subjective breathlessness during bronchoconstriction, independent of objective lung function changes.