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Oral vaccination against pseudotuberculosis
1Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, UK.
Abstract:
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain M5 (serogroup IA), isolated from the faeces of a mara, was of considerable virulence for mice by intravenous inoculation, but of low virulence by oral administration, almost always producing no more than a transient infection, mainly of the mesenteric lymph nodes. Oral infection of mice with strain M5, either with a single dose of culture per os or by the administration of dilute culture in drinking water, protected strikingly against the illness and death normally produced by oral infection with virulent strains. Lesions of pseudotuberculosis frequently developed in vaccinated mice as a result of challenge, but such lesions often became sterile. Strain M5 gave protection against four heterologous strains (two serogroup IA, two serogroup IB). These results are of interest in relation to the possible immunization of (1) feral animals, living free in the wild or in animal reserves, and (2) some captive wild species in zoological collections or laboratories.
Insights
Oral administration of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain M5 protects mice against virulent strains. This low-virulence oral vaccine candidate offers protection against homologous and heterologous Yersinia strains.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis causes disease in various animal species.
- Understanding virulence and protective immunity is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunoprotective potential of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain M5 against virulent homologous and heterologous strains.
- To assess the efficacy of oral administration of strain M5 as a vaccine candidate.
Main Methods:
- Mice were orally inoculated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain M5.
- Vaccinated mice were subsequently challenged with virulent Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains.
- Virulence, infection establishment, and lesion development were monitored.
Main Results:
- Oral administration of strain M5 conferred significant protection against lethal oral challenge with virulent Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
- Strain M5 demonstrated protection against both homologous (serogroup IA) and heterologous (serogroup IA and IB) strains.
- While lesions developed in vaccinated mice upon challenge, they frequently became sterile, indicating immune control.
Conclusions:
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strain M5 is a promising candidate for oral immunization against yersiniosis.
- The findings suggest potential applications for vaccinating feral and captive wild animals to prevent pseudotuberculosis.