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Related Experiment Videos

Different CD44 splicing patterns define prognostic subgroups in multiple myeloma

R Stauder1, M Van Driel, C Schwärzler

  • 1Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.

Blood
|October 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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CD44 variant 9v isoforms in multiple myeloma (MM) correlate with advanced disease and poor survival. This finding highlights CD44v as a potential prognostic marker in MM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • CD44 variant isoforms (CD44v) arise from alternative RNA splicing, adding domains to the standard CD44 molecule (CD44s).
  • In multiple myeloma (MM), CD44 facilitates tumor cell adhesion to bone marrow stroma and influences interleukin-6 production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and clinical significance of CD44v isoforms in multiple myeloma.
  • To determine if specific CD44v isoforms are associated with disease progression and patient survival.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining of 64 bone marrow biopsies from 38 MM patients to assess CD44v expression.
  • Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern hybridization on sorted myeloma plasma cells to analyze RNA transcripts and exon composition.

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Main Results:

  • Expression of CD44 variant isoforms containing the 9v domain was found in 36% of MM cases.
  • The presence of the 9v domain was significantly associated with advanced disease stage (P < .02), progressive disease (P < .001), and shorter overall survival (P < .02).
  • RT-PCR analysis revealed complex 9v-containing transcripts in combination with other variant exons (3v, 7v, 8v, 10v) in tumors expressing the 9v domain.

Conclusions:

  • Overexpression of CD44v isoforms, particularly those containing the 9v domain, is linked to an unfavorable clinical presentation in MM.
  • CD44v isoforms, specifically the 9v-containing ones, represent a novel prognostic biomarker for multiple myeloma.
  • The findings suggest a role for CD44v in MM pathogenesis and progression, similar to its role in other cancers like lymphoma and carcinomas.