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Amphetamine self-administration by humans: modulation by contingencies associated with task performance

S D Comer1, M Haney, R W Foltin

  • 1Division on Substance Abuse, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, USA.

Psychopharmacology
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Believing d-amphetamine impairs performance and earnings significantly reduces drug self-administration. Without negative feedback, subjects self-administered d-amphetamine more frequently, highlighting the impact of performance contingencies on drug use.

Area of Science:

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Drug self-administration is influenced by various factors, including perceived effects on performance and financial outcomes.
  • Understanding these influences is crucial for addressing substance use, particularly in occupational settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how task performance feedback and associated monetary earnings affect d-amphetamine self-administration.
  • To test the hypothesis that negative performance feedback reduces d-amphetamine use.

Main Methods:

  • Eight subjects participated in a residential laboratory study involving computer tasks.
  • Subjects received d-amphetamine or placebo capsules and bogus performance feedback (better/worse than average).
  • Self-administration was assessed through choice tasks where subjects could select d-amphetamine or placebo.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • When no feedback was given, d-amphetamine was chosen 78% of the time; with positive feedback, it was chosen 87.5%.
  • When told d-amphetamine impaired performance and reduced earnings, self-administration decreased to 25%.
  • D-amphetamine increased "Stimulated" and "Good Drug Effect" ratings and decreased "Tired" and "Sleepy" ratings, despite minimal objective performance impact.

Conclusions:

  • D-amphetamine acts as a reinforcer when self-administration does not affect earnings.
  • Feedback and associated monetary contingencies significantly modify d-amphetamine self-administration.
  • Performance-contingent feedback has implications for understanding and managing drug use in the workplace.