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Cystoid macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa
Transactions. Section on Ophthalmology. American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology
|May 1, 1977
Summary
Cystoid macular edema is common in retinitis pigmentosa, affecting 70% of patients. This condition involves dye leakage in the macula, impacting vision but sometimes sparing the fovea.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Retinal Diseases
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a frequent complication in retinitis pigmentosa (RP).
- Previous studies have suggested associations between CME and atypical, nonpigmented forms of RP.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of cystoid macular edema in retinitis pigmentosa patients.
- To evaluate the utility of simultaneous early- and late-phase angiograms for visualizing CME in RP.
Main Methods:
- Fluorangiographic documentation of cystoid macular edema in 58 consecutive retinitis pigmentosa patients.
- Simultaneous projection of early- and late-phase angiograms to enhance visualization of macular fluorescence.
Main Results:
- Cystoid macular edema was observed in 70% of patients, with no specific age predilection.
- Macular fluorescence from perifoveal capillary leakage was best visualized using combined angiogram phases.
- Bone spicular pigmentation frequently co-occurred with CME, contradicting theories of its association with nonpigmented RP variants.
- While most patients with CME experienced visual acuity decline, 25% maintained 20/25 or better vision, potentially due to foveal sparing.
Conclusions:
- Cystoid macular edema is a highly prevalent finding in retinitis pigmentosa, often associated with pigmentary changes.
- Simultaneous angiogram projection is a valuable technique for detecting and characterizing CME in RP.
- The frequent co-occurrence of CME and bone spicular pigmentation in RP challenges previous classifications linking CME to nonpigmented RP forms.
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