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Receptor assays in the clinical laboratory
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
Clinical Biochemistry
|October 1, 1996
Summary
This review compares receptor assays and immunoassays, highlighting immunoassays' limitations. Receptor assays are predicted to replace immunoassays for certain analytes like Vitamin B12 and folic acid.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Chemistry
- Biotechnology
- Analytical Biochemistry
Background:
- Immunoassays have been historically dominant in analyte detection.
- Current immunoassays face limitations impacting their accuracy and utility.
- Receptor assays offer a promising alternative with distinct advantages.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically evaluate the comparative strengths and weaknesses of receptor assays versus immunoassays.
- To assess the historical development and current challenges of immunoassays.
- To determine the future role and potential of receptor assays in diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and comparative analysis of existing assay methodologies.
- Evaluation of historical trends in immunoassay development and application.
- Assessment of receptor assay principles and their applicability to specific analytes.
Main Results:
- Immunoassays exhibit specific shortcomings that necessitate alternative approaches.
- Receptor assays demonstrate significant potential for improved analyte detection.
- The performance of receptor assays is particularly relevant for complex analytes.
Conclusions:
- A transition from immunoassays to receptor assays is anticipated for analytes like Vitamin B12, folic acid, and extensively metabolized drugs.
- Receptor assays are poised to become the preferred method for certain diagnostic applications.
- This shift reflects advancements in assay technology and analytical sensitivity.