[Hemorrhagic cystitis as a presenting symptom of acute infection with Salmonella typhi]

Salmonellae are frequently isolated from urine during the course of typhoid fever, although cystitis in typhoid is rare. In a young man who had returned from India with severe hemorrhagic cystitis, urine and bone marrow cultures confirmed the diagnosis of typhoid. Full recovery followed treatment with chloramphenicol. This case illustrates an unusual presentation of typhoid fever and the illustrates an unusual presentation of typhoid fever and the diagnostic difficulties occasionally encountered in patients returning from developing countries.