Related Experiment Videos
Rinderpest and other animal morbillivirus infections: comparative aspects and recent developments
Abstract:
The genus morbillivirus presently comprises measles virus of man, rinderpest virus (RPV), peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), and canine distemper virus (CDV). 'Emerging' morbilliviruses, such as phocid distemper virus (PDV) of seals, dolphin (DMV) and porpoise morbillivirus (PMV) have probably been present for a long period of time and outbreaks are possibly related to introduction into a highly susceptible population and/or be the result of interspecies transmission. In this review some comparative aspects of morbillivirus infections, particularly with respect to rinderpest and canine distemper viruses, are presented. Topics include pathogenesis, epidemiology, molecular phylogeny, diagnosis and prophylaxis. Recent developments in molecular biology have created tools which have enabled us to achieve a better understanding of morbillivirus infections at the nucleic acid level ('molecular epidemiology') while recombinant DNA technology has allowed new bivalent recombinant vaccines with improved heat stability to be produced.
Insights
This review compares morbillivirus infections, focusing on rinderpest virus (RPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV). Advances in molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology enhance understanding and vaccine development for these significant animal and human pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The Morbillivirus genus includes significant pathogens like measles virus, rinderpest virus (RPV), peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), and canine distemper virus (CDV).
- Emerging morbilliviruses, such as phocid distemper virus (PDV), dolphin morbillivirus (DMV), and porpoise morbillivirus (PMV), may arise from interspecies transmission or introduction into susceptible populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a comparative review of morbillivirus infections.
- To highlight recent advancements in understanding and managing morbillivirus diseases, particularly RPV and CDV.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of pathogenesis and epidemiology.
- Molecular phylogeny to understand evolutionary relationships.
- Review of diagnostic and prophylactic strategies.
Main Results:
- Molecular biology tools have improved understanding of morbillivirus infections at the nucleic acid level (molecular epidemiology).
- Recombinant DNA technology has enabled the development of new, heat-stable bivalent vaccines.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced molecular tools provide deeper insights into morbillivirus infections.
- Recombinant vaccine technology offers improved solutions for prophylaxis against morbilliviruses.