Development of Sjögren's syndrome during treatment with recombinant human interferon-alpha-2b for chronic hepatitis C

A 63-year-old woman with type C chronic active hepatitis developed Sjögren's syndrome after being treated with recombinant interferon-alpha-2b. After 3 months' interferon-alpha administration, serum levels of gamma-globulin (4.5 g/dl) and titers of antinuclear and anti-SS-A antibodies were greatly increased, anti-SS-B antibody appeared, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated. Although no xerostomia was exhibited, the patient experienced conjunctival dryness. Schirmer's test showed reduced lacrimal gland function and a gum test showed reduced salivary gland function. Sialography revealed scattered pools of retained contrast media with a diameter of around 1-2 mm. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome was made. This present case may provide important information regarding the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome.