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Hypnotic self administration and dose escalation

T Roehrs1, B Pedrosi, L Rosenthal

  • 1Henry Ford Hospital, Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.

Psychopharmacology
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Insomnia patients did not increase their triazolam (a benzodiazepine hypnotic) dose when more capsules were available. They took as many placebo capsules as triazolam, suggesting a desire for insomnia relief rather than drug escalation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • The dependence liability of benzodiazepines used as hypnotics for insomnia remains unclear.
  • Previous research indicated insomniacs self-administer triazolam capsules at bedtime frequently, similar to placebo.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if differential self-administration of triazolam (0.25 mg) occurs when multiple capsules are available nightly to patients with insomnia.
  • To assess potential dose escalation or preference for triazolam over placebo in self-administration patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen adults (age 21-45) with insomnia complaints (objective or subjective) participated in a double-blind, counter-balanced study.
  • Participants received either placebo or triazolam (0.25 mg) for one week each, separated by a washout period.

Related Experiment Videos

  • After initial sampling, subjects could self-administer 0-3 capsules nightly for four subsequent nights.

    • Main Results:

    • Triazolam was self-administered on as many nights as placebo.
    • However, the number of placebo capsules self-administered was double that of triazolam capsules.
    • Objective insomniacs self-administered more capsules than subjective insomniacs; neither group showed a preference for triazolam over placebo.

    Conclusions:

    • Insomniacs do not exhibit short-term dose escalation of triazolam when multiple capsules are available.
    • The increased and variable self-administration of placebo capsules suggests a behavior aimed at seeking insomnia relief rather than developing drug dependence.