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Updated: Aug 19, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
Published on: January 27, 2010
Analgesic efficacy of enadoline versus placebo or morphine in postsurgical pain
A C Pande1, R E Pyke, M Greiner
1Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research, Division of Warner-Lambert Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA.
Abstract:
Enadoline, a selective agonist of the kappa-opioid receptor, was studied for its analgesic efficacy in patients with pain after obstetric or gynecologic surgery. An initial study involving a comparison of enadoline (2, 5, 15 micrograms), an acetaminophen-codeine (ACET/COD) combination, and placebo showed all treatments to be ineffective analgesics. Therefore, a second study with the same design but using higher doses of enadoline (15 and 25 micrograms) and replacing ACET/COD with morphine 10 mg i.m. was conducted. Enadoline 25 micrograms produced similar pain relief to that of morphine, although of shorter duration, and better than enadoline 15 micrograms or placebo. However, enadoline was associated with dose-limiting neuropsychiatric adverse events, which led to early termination of the study.
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