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Iodine. Do we need an enrichment program in Denmark?
L B Rasmussen1, G Andersson, J Haraldsdóttir
1National Food Agency, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Søborg, Denmark.
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
|September 1, 1996
Summary
Iodine intake in Denmark is low, leading to high rates of goiter. To address this, the Danish working group recommends iodizing all salt, starting with a low concentration to prevent adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Iodine deficiency is a significant public health concern in Denmark.
- Studies indicate low iodine intake compared to recommended levels.
- High prevalence of non-toxic goiter (9-13% in elderly women) and toxic goiter in western Denmark observed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the necessity of iodine enrichment in the Danish population.
- To determine the most effective strategy for increasing iodine intake.
- To mitigate potential risks associated with sudden iodine intake increases.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of urinary iodine excretion data.
- Review of dietary survey findings.
- Assessment of goiter prevalence across different demographics and regions.
Main Results:
- Urinary iodine excretion and dietary surveys confirm low iodine intake in Denmark.
- Significant prevalence of non-toxic and toxic goiter indicates widespread iodine deficiency.
- Potential risks of hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis associated with excessive iodine intake were considered.
Conclusions:
- An increase in iodine intake is necessary for the Danish population.
- Iodizing all salt is identified as the optimal method for iodine enrichment.
- Initial salt iodization will be limited to 2 ppm to ensure safety and prevent adverse effects.