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Iodine. Do we need an enrichment program in Denmark?

L B Rasmussen1, G Andersson, J Haraldsdóttir

  • 1National Food Agency, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Søborg, Denmark.

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Iodine intake in Denmark is low, leading to high rates of goiter. To address this, the Danish working group recommends iodizing all salt, starting with a low concentration to prevent adverse effects.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Iodine deficiency is a significant public health concern in Denmark.
  • Studies indicate low iodine intake compared to recommended levels.
  • High prevalence of non-toxic goiter (9-13% in elderly women) and toxic goiter in western Denmark observed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the necessity of iodine enrichment in the Danish population.
  • To determine the most effective strategy for increasing iodine intake.
  • To mitigate potential risks associated with sudden iodine intake increases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of urinary iodine excretion data.
  • Review of dietary survey findings.
  • Assessment of goiter prevalence across different demographics and regions.

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Main Results:

  • Urinary iodine excretion and dietary surveys confirm low iodine intake in Denmark.
  • Significant prevalence of non-toxic and toxic goiter indicates widespread iodine deficiency.
  • Potential risks of hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis associated with excessive iodine intake were considered.

Conclusions:

  • An increase in iodine intake is necessary for the Danish population.
  • Iodizing all salt is identified as the optimal method for iodine enrichment.
  • Initial salt iodization will be limited to 2 ppm to ensure safety and prevent adverse effects.