TNF-alpha and IL-1beta selectively induce expression of 92-kDa gelatinase by human macrophages

Macrophages are present in inflammatory tissue sites where abnormal degradation of the extracellular matrix takes place. To evaluate the potential of macrophages to participate in such matrix destruction, we studied the effects of three cytokines present in inflammatory tissue sites, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IFN-gamma, on the production of three matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, interstitial collagenase, stromelysin, and 92-kDa gelatinase, as well as their natural inhibitor, TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases number 1), by human monocyte-derived macrophages differentiated in vitro. Spontaneous production of interstitial collagenase and stromelysin by these cells was minimal, and was not influenced by the cytokines. In contrast, the cells secreted substantial basal amounts of 92-kDa gelatinase, the secretion of which was stimulated (2- to 15-fold; on average 5-fold) by both TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, while the production of TIMP-1 was unaffected. IFN-gamma suppressed the production of the 92-kDa gelatinase induced by TNF-alpha- and IL-1beta. TNF-alpha and IL-1beta regulated the expression of 92-kDa gelatinase by monocyte-derived macrophages at the pretranslational level. The results show that expression of 92-kDa gelatinase, but not its natural inhibitor TIMP-1, by human tissue-type macrophages is selectively up-regulated by proinflammatory cytokines; which suggests that these cells, when actually present in an inflammatory environment, will actively participate in the destruction of the extracellular matrix.