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The effect of brooding temperature on broiler performance

J W Deaton1, S L Branton, J D Simmons

  • 1USDA, Agricultural Research Service, South Central Poultry Research Laboratory, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.

Poultry Science
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Lowering broiler brooding temperatures to 29.4 C, 26.7 C, and 23.9 C in the first three weeks is satisfactory for broiler production. This approach also reduces energy consumption and ascites-related mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Poultry Science
  • Agricultural Engineering

Background:

  • The 1970s energy crisis prompted recommendations for reduced broiler brooding temperatures.
  • Environmental temperature is a known factor influencing ascites syndrome in broilers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a reduced three-week brooding temperature regimen (29.4 C, 26.7 C, 23.9 C) for broiler production.
  • To compare broiler performance and mortality under reduced versus higher brooding temperature regimens.
  • To assess potential energy savings associated with lower brooding temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Broilers were subjected to different brooding temperature regimens over the first three weeks.
  • Broiler performance (e.g., at 6 weeks of age) and mortality (including ascites-related) were recorded.

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  • Heat loss calculations were performed to estimate energy savings in a commercial setting.

    • Main Results:

    • Reduced brooding temperatures (29.4 C, 26.7 C, 23.9 C) did not adversely affect broiler performance at 6 weeks.
    • Broilers in a significantly lower temperature regimen (26.7 C, 23.9 C, 21.1 C) exhibited increased mortality due to ascites and overall.
    • Lower brooding temperatures demonstrated significant liquified petroleum (LP) gas savings (10-18%) compared to higher regimens.

    Conclusions:

    • The recommended reduced brooding temperature regimen is satisfactory for broiler production.
    • Lower brooding temperatures can lead to substantial energy savings in commercial broiler operations.
    • Careful management of brooding temperatures is crucial for minimizing ascites and ensuring broiler welfare.