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Structure and function of insect olfactory sensilla

R A Steinbrecht1

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie, Seewiesen, Germany.

Ciba Foundation Symposium
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Insect olfactory sensilla exhibit diverse structures and contain various odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). OBP presence correlates with receptor cell function, suggesting a role in recognizing specific odor stimuli.

Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Olfactory Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Insect antennae possess diverse olfactory sensilla, including single-walled and double-walled types with varying pore structures.
  • These sensilla appear as hairs, pore plates, or pit pegs, showcasing significant morphological variation within species.
  • Selective pressures, like the need for high sensitivity in moth pheromone detection, drive the evolution of specific sensillum types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural diversity of olfactory sensilla in insects.
  • To explore the role and distribution of odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) within these sensilla.
  • To understand the relationship between OBP types, sensillum morphology, and olfactory receptor cell function.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Morphological analysis of olfactory sensilla across different insect species.
  • Biochemical characterization of odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) present in sensillum lymph.
  • Correlation analysis between OBP subclasses, sensillum types, and olfactory receptor cell specificity.

    • Main Results:

    • Olfactory sensilla display considerable structural diversity, even within the same antenna.
    • Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are present in sensillum lymph and can be classified into pheromone-binding proteins and general OBPs.
    • Different OBPs, even from different subclasses, are not found together in the same sensillum, and their presence is linked to receptor cell function rather than sensillum morphology.

    Conclusions:

    • The structural diversity of olfactory sensilla is shaped by functional demands, such as enhanced odor molecule capture.
    • Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) exhibit specific distribution patterns within olfactory sensilla.
    • OBPs likely play a crucial role in the functional specificity of olfactory receptor cells, aiding in stimulus recognition.