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Human prostate carcinoma cells express functional alphaIIb(beta)3 integrin

M Trikha¹, J Timar, S K Lundy

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.

Cancer Research

|November 1, 1996

Summary

Prostate cancer cells express integrin alphaIIb(beta)3, previously found only in platelets. This integrin

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Area of Science:

* Integrin biology and cell adhesion research.
* Cancer cell biology and molecular mechanisms of metastasis.

Background:

* The integrin alphaIIb(beta)3 is traditionally considered specific to megakaryocytic lineage cells like platelets.
* Its role in non-megakaryocytic cells, particularly cancer, remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

* To investigate the expression and functional significance of integrin alphaIIb(beta)3 in human prostate carcinoma cells.
* To determine if this integrin plays a role in prostate cancer cell adhesion and invasion.

Main Methods:

* Reverse transcription-PCR and DNA sequencing to detect alphaIIb mRNA.
* RNase protection assays and in situ hybridization to confirm mRNA expression.
* Western blotting, dot blotting, and flow cytometry to assess protein expression.

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* Functional assays involving cell adhesion and invasion through a reconstituted basement membrane.

Main Results:

* Human prostate carcinoma cell lines (PC-3, DU-145) express alphaIIb(beta)3 mRNA and protein.
* alphaIIb(beta)3 expression was confirmed in surgical specimens of human prostate tumors.
* Protein kinase C activation significantly increased PC-3 cell adhesion.
* Monoclonal antibodies targeting alphaIIb(beta)3 inhibited DU-145 cell invasion by 40-50%.

Conclusions:

* Prostate tumor cells express the integrin alphaIIb(beta)3.
* Surface expression of alphaIIb(beta)3 is regulated by protein kinase C.
* Targeting alphaIIb(beta)3 with antibodies can inhibit prostate cancer cell invasion.