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Central and peripheral factors in fatigue

J M Davis1

  • 1Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Nutrition impacts mental fatigue during exercise. Carbohydrate intake may delay fatigue by altering brain serotonin, but more research is needed to confirm these effects on athletic performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Exercise fatigue has central (brain) and peripheral (muscle) causes.
  • Central fatigue, linked to brain serotonin (5-HT), can impair athletic performance.
  • The role of nutrition in delaying central fatigue is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between nutrition, brain neurochemistry, and exercise performance.
  • To evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation on central fatigue mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing data on branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and carbohydrate supplementation.
  • Analysis of plasma free tryptophan/BCAA ratios as markers of brain 5-HT synthesis.
  • Assessment of exercise time to fatigue in relation to nutritional interventions.

Main Results:

  • Low-dose BCAA supplementation shows minimal impact on central fatigue markers.
  • High-dose BCAA supplementation may have adverse effects.
  • Carbohydrate supplementation significantly reduces plasma free tryptophan/BCAA and increases exercise duration, but effects on central vs. peripheral mechanisms are unclear.

Conclusions:

  • Nutrition, brain chemistry, and sport performance are potentially linked.
  • Evidence suggests carbohydrate intake may delay central fatigue.
  • Current knowledge is preliminary, requiring further research to establish definitive relationships.

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