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Modulation of calcium currents by electrical activity

M Li1, M Jia, R D Fields

  • 1Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4480, USA.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Electrical stimulation downregulates calcium currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. This effect, dependent on stimulation pattern, suggests a reduction in the number of calcium channels, impacting intracellular calcium levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons play a crucial role in sensory signal transmission.
  • Voltage-sensitive calcium channels are critical for neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term effects of electrical stimulation on calcium currents in cultured mouse DRG neurons.
  • To determine how different stimulation patterns influence the downregulation of low-threshold (LVA) and high-threshold (HVA) voltage-activated calcium currents.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured mouse DRG neurons were subjected to various patterns of electrical stimulation (tonic and phasic).
  • Voltage-sensitive calcium currents (LVA and HVA) were measured using electrophysiology.
  • Binding of an L-type calcium channel antagonist was assessed.

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  • Intracellular calcium levels were monitored using Fura-2/AM.

    • Main Results:

    • Electrical activation led to a persistent downregulation of voltage-sensitive calcium currents (>24 hours post-stimulation).
    • Phasic stimulation was more effective than tonic stimulation in downregulating HVA currents.
    • Downregulation correlated with decreased antagonist binding, suggesting reduced calcium channel numbers.
    • All tested patterns downregulated LVA currents and slowed the rise in intracellular calcium.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrical activity patterns differentially regulate LVA and HVA calcium currents in DRG neurons.
    • The observed downregulation likely involves a decrease in the number of functional calcium channels.
    • These findings have implications for understanding neuronal plasticity and calcium signaling dynamics.