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[Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis]

A Lösch1, C Kainz, G Gitsch

  • 1Abteilung für Gynäkopathologie, Universität Wien.

Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare condition characterized by smooth muscle nodules on the peritoneum. Differentiating LPD from malignant tumors is crucial to avoid aggressive treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Pathology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is an uncommon condition characterized by widespread peritoneal smooth muscle nodules.
  • Its histogenesis is thought to involve Müllerian epithelium and myofibroblastic differentiation, often associated with hormonal stimulation.

Observation:

  • A case of LPD in a 41-year-old woman is presented, incidentally discovered during laparotomy for ovarian cysts.
  • The patient had a history of hormonal therapy for dysmenorrhea.
  • Multiple smooth muscle nodules were observed on the peritoneal surfaces, resembling carcinomatosis.

Findings:

  • Microscopic examination revealed benign smooth muscle cells without atypia or mitosis.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis using Desmin antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of LPD.
  • The findings highlight the importance of distinguishing LPD from peritoneal metastases of malignant neoplasms.

Implications:

  • Accurate diagnosis of LPD is essential to prevent unnecessary and aggressive cancer treatment protocols.
  • While benign, the potential for malignant transformation necessitates ongoing patient follow-up.
  • This case contributes to the understanding of rare peritoneal conditions and their management.

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