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Chemokines in viral disease

J S Friedland1

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases & Bacteriology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, London.

Research in Virology
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Chemokines, or chemotactic cytokines, are key in recruiting immune cells during viral infections. Research shows diverse interactions between chemokines and viruses like RSV, HIV, and herpesviruses, impacting host defense.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are crucial for leukocyte recruitment to infection sites.
  • Viral infections involve complex interactions with host chemokine systems.
  • Understanding these interactions is vital for developing antiviral therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on chemokine and viral infection interactions.
  • To highlight diverse viral strategies in manipulating chemokine responses.
  • To underscore the complexity of these host-pathogen molecular dialogues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cellular studies on paramyxovirus and chemokine response.
  • Analysis of plasma IL8 concentrations in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection.
  • Examination of chemokine production in HIV infection and herpesvirus strategies.

Main Results:

  • Elevated plasma IL8 levels observed in RSV patients compared to controls (p < 0.03).
  • Monocytes/macrophages are primary chemokine sources in HIV infection.
  • HIV's tat region may dysregulate chemokine secretion; herpesviruses express chemokine receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Viral infections elicit varied and intricate chemokine responses.
  • Host chemokine systems are actively manipulated by viruses.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions.

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