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Published on: December 6, 2016
Screening obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome by home videotape recording in children
Y Sivan1, A Kornecki, T Schonfeld
1Pediatric ICUs, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel.
Insights
Home video recordings offer a reliable screening method for childhood obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). This 30-minute technique accurately identifies children needing further polysomnography (PSG) assessment.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Sleep Medicine
- Diagnostic Technologies
Background:
- Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the standard for diagnosing childhood obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS).
- There is a need for accessible, reliable screening methods to improve patient selection for PSG.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of home video-recording as a screening tool for OSAS in children.
- To compare home video analysis with standard PSG results.
Main Methods:
- 58 children suspected of OSAS underwent overnight PSG and 30-minute home video recordings.
- Video recordings were assessed via clinical judgment and a scoring system (noisy breathing, movements, apnoea, etc.).
- Results were compared using correlation analysis and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Home video analysis showed an 84% agreement with PSG results.
- Investigator's clinical judgment demonstrated 94% sensitivity and 68% specificity for OSAS.
- A predictive equation based on video scoring accurately predicted PSG outcomes in 84% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Thirty minutes of home video recording is a reliable and effective screening method for pediatric OSAS.
- This technique can potentially optimize patient selection for polysomnography, reducing unnecessary procedures.
Abstract:
Overnight polysomnography (PSG) has been used to diagnose and assess the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in children. The aim of this study was to determine whether home video-recording of children during sleep may be used for screening OSAS. In 58 children suspected of having OSAS, PSG results were compared with the corresponding analyses of 30 min video-recordings of each child sleeping at home. The video-recordings were evaluated by: 1) overall investigator's clinical judgement; and 2) a scoring system based on noisy breathing, movements, walking episodes, apnoea, chest retractions and mouth breathing. PSG results were highly correlated with the video test results, with agreement in 49 out of 58 (84%). In 36 of the 58 children, the PSG was abnormal compared with 41 out of 58 abnormal video tests. The sensitivity of the overall investigator judgement of video test was 94% (34 out of 36) and the specificity 68% (15 out of 22). Video scores > 10 were highly predictive of OSAS, whilst scores < 5 were associated with normality. Using a stepwise logistic regression analysis, each of the scoring variables was tested against the PSG results and an equation was formulated for predicting PSG by the video test. The equation predicted PSG results in 49 out of 58 (84%) cases. Thirty minutes of home video-recordings during sleep is a reliable screening method for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children. This technique may, thus, improve patient selection for polysomnography.
