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Human CD38, a cell-surface protein with multiple functions

K Mehta1, U Shahid, F Malavasi

  • 1Department of Bioimmunotherapy, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Human CD38, a multifunctional glycoprotein, acts as an ectoenzyme and plays diverse roles in immune regulation. Its functions in hematopoiesis and potential involvement in diseases like myeloma warrant further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Human CD38 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein with diverse functions.
  • It acts as an ectoenzyme catalyzing cyclic ADP-ribose synthesis and hydrolysis.
  • CD38's roles in calcium mobilization and immune regulation are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifunctional nature of human CD38.
  • To investigate its enzymatic activities and immunoregulatory functions.
  • To understand CD38's potential roles in pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • The abstract does not specify methods but discusses observations.
  • Focuses on the known enzymatic and signaling functions of CD38.
  • Highlights effects of CD38 ligation with antibodies on hematopoietic cells.

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Main Results:

  • CD38 exhibits ectoenzymatic activity, synthesizing/hydrolyzing cyclic ADP-ribose.
  • It influences calcium mobilization independently of inositol triphosphate.
  • Antibody ligation induces diverse hematopoietic cell responses, including growth modulation and cytokine induction.

Conclusions:

  • CD38 possesses both extracellular and intracellular functions.
  • Its diverse effects suggest it may act as a receptor for an unknown ligand.
  • CD38 and homologous molecules may represent a novel protein family, with implications for diseases like myeloma and HIV infection.