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Related Experiment Videos

Whipple's disease

T Marth1, W Strober

  • 1Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Seminars in Gastrointestinal Disease
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare bacterial infection. Host immune defects, particularly in macrophage function and T-cell responses, contribute to WD pathogenesis and its chronic relapsing nature.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare systemic infection caused by Tropheryma whippelii.
  • It primarily affects middle-aged men, presenting with weight loss, arthropathy, and diarrhea.
  • Diagnosis is typically via duodenal biopsy showing characteristic infiltrates, confirmed by RT-PCR for T. whippelii.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of host immune factors in the pathogenesis of Whipple's disease.
  • To understand the immunologic alterations associated with WD, including T-cell and macrophage dysfunction.
  • To investigate the contribution of these defects to the disease's chronic and relapsing course.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and immunologic findings in Whipple's disease patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of T-cell responses (in vitro and in vivo) and macrophage function.
  • Assessment of cell surface markers like CD11b on circulating cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with WD exhibit suppressed delayed-type hypersensitivity and reduced T-cell responsiveness.
    • Macrophages in WD patients show impaired ability to degrade intracellular pathogens.
    • Reduced numbers of circulating CD11b+ cells are observed, indicating a potential defect in macrophage activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Host immune system defects, particularly in macrophage microbicidal activity and T-cell function, are implicated in Whipple's disease pathogenesis.
    • These subtle immunologic alterations may play a crucial role in the disease's development and persistence.
    • Understanding these host factors could lead to improved therapeutic strategies for WD.