Behavioral change in preventive medicine. An efficacy assessment of a physician education module

We designed and evaluated a program to teach internal medicine residents behavioral counseling skills for multiple risk factor modification. Integrating physician-patient communication, negotiation skills, and the transtheoretical model of behavior change, we used small group discussion and standardized patients. The 18 participating residents increased their ability to modify patient behavior during videotaped interviews, mean pretest/posttest score: 33.1/40.1 (Student's paired t test, p < .0001). Physician self-efficacy in screening for risk factors and effecting behavioral change in patients was increased (p < .0001), as were positive attitudes toward psychosocial factors (p < .003). Our teaching effectively increased the residents' self-efficacy and performance of behavioral counseling.