The influence of comonomer composition on dimethacrylate resin properties for dental composites

During the polymerization of multifunctional monomers for dental restorations, typical final double-bond conversions range from 55 to 75%. The low conversion results in a large amount of extractable monomer, reduced adhesion to the filler, and the potential for increased swelling. In this work, the ability to increase the maximum conversion by optimizing the copolymer composition is explored. A series of multi-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate monomers of various lengths was used as a model system to determine how the copolymer composition affects the final conversion, the mechanical properties, and the predicted shrinkage. It was found that the ultimate conversion can be significantly increased, shrinkage decreased, and mechanical properties maintained. It was found that up to 30 wt% of poly(ethylene glycol) 600 dimethacrylate could be added to diethylene glycol dimethacrylate without reducing the strength and increasing the conversion. Results for other comonomer combinations were similar.