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HIV disease in children is associated with a selective decrease in CD23+ and CD62L+ B cells

C Rodriguez1, J K Thomas, S O'Rourke

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
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HIV infection in children decreases total B cells, particularly CD62L+ and CD23+ subsets. This leads to more hyperstimulated B cells, explaining immune dysfunction in pediatric HIV.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Pediatric HIV infection is associated with immune dysregulation.
  • B cell abnormalities contribute to the altered immune response in HIV.
  • Understanding B cell phenotype changes is crucial for pediatric HIV management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the surface phenotype of B cells in children with HIV.
  • To investigate B cell dysregulation in the context of HIV disease progression.
  • To identify specific B cell subpopulations affected by HIV in children.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze B cell surface markers (CD5, CD10, CD21, CD23, CD25, CD62L, CD71, CD69).
  • Study included HIV-infected children, HIV-exposed children, and age-matched controls.

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  • Expression levels of various B cell antigens were quantified and compared across groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Total B cell counts decreased with HIV disease progression.
    • Selective reduction observed in CD62L-positive (CD62L+) and CD23-positive (CD23+) B cell subsets.
    • An increased proportion of CD62L-negative (CD62L-) and CD23-negative (CD23-) B cells was noted.
    • No significant alterations in other activation/immaturity B cell antigens were found.

    Conclusions:

    • HIV infection in children leads to an absolute decrease in antigen-responsive B cells.
    • A disproportionate increase in hyperstimulated B cell subsets occurs.
    • These B cell changes provide a biological basis for generalized B cell hyperactivity and immune unresponsiveness in pediatric HIV.