Trigeminal nerve injury and repair

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Neurology
• Dental Anesthesiology

Background:

• The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and lingual nerve are susceptible to injury during various dental and surgical procedures.
• While uncommon, these injuries can lead to significant patient morbidity, including altered sensation and pain.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the diagnosis, classification, and management of inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve injuries.
• To enhance understanding and guide clinical practice for healthcare professionals encountering these neural injuries.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing studies on IAN and lingual nerve injuries.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria, injury classifications, and current treatment modalities.
• Synthesis of information on surgical and non-surgical management strategies.

Main Results:

• Nerve injuries, though infrequent, are associated with routine procedures.
• Accurate diagnosis and classification are crucial for effective management.
• A range of management options exist, tailored to the specific injury.

Conclusions:

• Despite their rarity, inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve injuries necessitate careful consideration.
• Effective management relies on prompt diagnosis, appropriate classification, and timely intervention.
• Further research may refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these neural injuries.