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Hyperthyroidism in children: an Indian experience

P S Menon1, G R Singh

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Pediatric hyperthyroidism, primarily Graves

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism in children is uncommon and predominantly caused by Graves' disease.
  • Pediatric Graves' disease presents with distinct clinical features compared to adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinical characteristics and management outcomes of pediatric hyperthyroidism.
  • To highlight the unique presentation and treatment challenges in children with Graves' disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 24 children diagnosed with hyperthyroidism between 1986-1993.
  • Evaluation of clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment with carbimazole, and patient response.

Main Results:

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  • Graves' disease was diagnosed in 20 children, with neuropsychiatric symptoms being the most common initial presentation (90%).
  • 85% of patients had eye involvement, and 30% had cardiac involvement.
  • Carbimazole therapy was effective in 17 out of 20 patients, but 6 relapsed upon withdrawal.

    • Conclusions:

    • Pediatric hyperthyroidism, mainly Graves' disease, requires prolonged medical therapy for sustained remission.
    • Neuropsychiatric symptoms and insidious onset are key differentiators from adult-onset disease.