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Gastrointestinal bleeding in children

S K Yachha1, A Khanduri, B C Sharma

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology (Pediatric GE Section), Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
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Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in children in developing countries differs from developed nations, with variceal bleeding common in the upper GI tract. Newer diagnostic tools aid in identifying causes of GI bleeding in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a significant concern in pediatric patients.
  • Understanding the etiology of GI bleeding is crucial for effective management.
  • Differences in disease prevalence between developed and developing countries necessitate localized research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes of GI bleeding in children in a developing country.
  • To compare the spectrum of GI bleeding in children in a developing country with that in developed countries.
  • To evaluate the utility of advanced diagnostic techniques in identifying the sources of GI bleeding in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 139 children with GI bleeding.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized barium studies, endoscopy, technetium-99m scans, digital subtraction angiography, and rectal endoscopic ultrasonography.
  • Compared findings with established data from developed countries.
  • Main Results:

    • Upper GI bleeding (75 cases) was predominantly variceal (95%), mainly due to extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.
    • Lower GI bleeding (64 cases) causes included colitis (42%) and colorectal polyps (41%), similar to developed countries.
    • Advanced imaging techniques like angiography and endoscopic ultrasonography proved helpful in diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • The etiology of upper GI bleeding in children differs significantly between developing and developed countries, with varices being the primary cause in the former.
    • The causes of lower GI bleeding in children show similarities between developing and developed countries.
    • Modern diagnostic modalities are safe and effective for diagnosing GI bleeding in pediatric populations.