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UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in Gilbert's syndrome

H S Debinski1, C S Lee, A P Dhillon

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic.

Pathology
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

An immunohistochemical staining method using UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) antibodies confirmed Gilbert's syndrome by showing reduced UGT staining in liver tissues. This technique aids in diagnosing the condition, which involves chronic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gilbert's syndrome is characterized by mild jaundice due to chronic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
  • Current diagnosis is often presumptive, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood.
  • An immunohistochemical method could confirm Gilbert's syndrome diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an immunohistochemical staining method for confirming Gilbert's syndrome.
  • To investigate UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) expression in liver tissues of Gilbert's syndrome patients.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was performed on liver biopsies from 10 Gilbert's syndrome patients and 6 controls.
  • Polyclonal antibodies against UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) were used.

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  • Standard hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed normal liver histology in all subjects.

    • Main Results:

    • Normal liver tissue showed diffuse UGT staining in hepatocytes, with accentuation in zone 3.
    • Liver specimens from Gilbert's syndrome patients exhibited reduced UGT immunostaining throughout the lobule.
    • Faint residual UGT staining was observed in zone 3 of affected livers.

    Conclusions:

    • Immunohistochemical staining for UGT is a useful method to confirm clinical diagnoses of Gilbert's syndrome.
    • Reduced UGT expression in liver tissue correlates with the condition.
    • Further research into UGT gene polymorphisms may elucidate Gilbert's syndrome pathogenesis.