Intraosseous ganglion cyst associated with neuropathy

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Radiology
• Neurology

Background:

• Intraosseous ganglion cysts are benign, rare bone tumors.
• They typically occur in the epiphysis of long bones near joints.
• Lesions in the fibular head are uncommon, and expansile growth with cortical breakthrough is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• A case of an expansile intraosseous ganglion cyst originating in the fibular head is presented.
• The lesion demonstrated significant cortical breakthrough and mass effect.
• Associated peroneal nerve compression was noted, leading to foot drop.

Findings:

• This represents the first reported case of an expansile intraosseous ganglion of the fibular head with cortical breakthrough.
• The large, expansile nature of the lesion was directly linked to secondary peroneal nerve compression and resultant foot drop.
• Radiological and clinical findings highlight the aggressive potential of this benign entity.

Implications:

• This case expands the known spectrum of intraosseous ganglion cyst presentations.
• It underscores the importance of considering nerve compression in the differential diagnosis of fibular head masses.
• Accurate diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent irreversible neurological deficits like foot drop.