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The microcirculation in experimental hypertension and aging

P M Hutchins1, C D Lynch, P T Cooney

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA.

Cardiovascular Research
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Aging and hypertension reduce microvessel connections in the brain, impairing cortical perfusion. Caloric restriction may reverse these vascular changes in aging rats, suggesting potential interventions for brain health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Experimental hypertension and aging are associated with microvascular alterations.
  • Previous studies have not fully addressed critical questions regarding these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on microvascular changes in experimental hypertension and aging.
  • To present new data on cortical microvasculature in aging and hypertensive models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a chronic cranial window for long-term in vivo microscopic observation of cortical surface vasculature.
  • Employed in vivo video microscopy to study microvascular caliber changes (vasomotion).
  • Used chronic indwelling aortic catheters for analysis of blood pressure and heart rate variations.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reduced small arteriolar endpoints and arteriole-to-arteriole anastomoses in spontaneously hypertensive and aged rats.
  • Observed that caloric restriction revised or prevented vascular changes in aged rats.
  • Found reduced variability in blood pressure, heart rate, and microvessel caliber (vasomotion) in aged rats.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension and aging alter small arteriole morphology, potentially reducing cortical tissue perfusion.
  • Short-term cardiovascular and microvascular control appear diminished in aging and hypertension.