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Proenkephalin gene expression in the brainstem regulates post-exercise hypotension

J B Boone1, J M Corry

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA-NPI, Westwood 90024-1759, USA. jboone@npimain.medsch.ucla.edu

Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Exercise increases proenkephalin mRNA in key brainstem areas of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). This suggests enkephalin may regulate post-exercise hypotension in SHR.

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Proenkephalin gene expression is altered in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats during the development of hypertension.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit reduced proenkephalin mRNA in brainstem regions compared to controls.
  • Opioid receptor antagonist naloxone reverses exercise-induced hypotension.
  • Previous work suggests a link between proenkephalin and blood pressure regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that exercise increases proenkephalin mRNA in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) of SHR.
  • To examine the role of proenkephalin in post-exercise hypotension in SHR.

Main Methods:

  • Female 12-week-old SHR were divided into exercise and control groups.
  • Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were monitored at rest and post-intervention.

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  • Proenkephalin mRNA levels in the NTS, caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM), and RVLM were quantified 30 minutes post-exercise or post-rest.

    • Main Results:

    • Exercise transiently increased MAP and heart rate in SHR.
    • A significant reduction in MAP (post-exercise hypotension) was observed 30 minutes after exercise.
    • Proenkephalin mRNA levels in the NTS, CVLM, and RVLM increased significantly (97%, 198%, and 227%, respectively) post-exercise.

    Conclusions:

    • These findings confirm post-exercise hypotension in SHR.
    • Increased enkephalin synthesis and release in the NTS, CVLM, and RVLM appear to be involved in regulating post-exercise hypotension in SHR.