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Group B streptococcus in the perinatal period. A review
1Nurse-Midwifery Educational Program, School of Health-Related Professions, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, USA.
Journal of Nurse-Midwifery
|September 1, 1996
Summary
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. Research has identified risk factors and prevention strategies, including recent CDC recommendations, to reduce GBS disease incidence.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Neonatal Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS) was poorly understood before the 1960s regarding human morbidity and mortality.
- Prenatal GBS carriage affects 20-30% of pregnant women, with 40-75% transmitting it to neonates.
- Infant GBS disease incidence is 1-3 cases per 1,000 live births, with early-onset risk factors identified but late-onset less clear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the understanding of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in human health.
- To discuss transmission dynamics from mothers to neonates.
- To explore strategies for reducing GBS disease incidence.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on GBS epidemiology and transmission.
- Analysis of risk factors for early- and late-onset GBS disease.
- Examination of prevention strategies and recent recommendations.
Main Results:
- Significant advancements in understanding GBS have occurred since the 1960s.
- Identified risk factors for early-onset GBS disease.
- Ongoing investigation into cost-effective strategies to minimize GBS disease.
Conclusions:
- Effective prevention protocols are crucial for reducing GBS-related infant morbidity and mortality.
- Recent CDC recommendations provide guidance for GBS prevention strategies.
- Continued research is needed for a comprehensive understanding and control of GBS disease.