Patients frequently consulting general practitioners at a primary health care centre in Sweden--a comparative study

The purpose of this study was to describe the sociodemographic patterns, consultations and the nature of problems of frequent attenders (FAs) at general practitioners at a primary health care centre. The design was a comparative study of FAs (> or = 5 consultations during 1991) (n = 179) and a contrast group of patients (CPs) matched by age and sex (1-4 consultations during 1991, n = 179). Data from medical records, appointment system, mortality and marital status were recorded. FAs comprised 1.7% of the inhabitants. Boys, middle-aged females, retired males and females and especially very old females were more frequent among FAs than their sections of the population would imply. FAs accounted for 15% and CPs for 4% of the consultations, 6.3 and 1.7 consultations on average, respectively. The average booked time for consultations during 1991 was 140 minutes for FAs and 35 minutes for CPs. Continuity was higher among older than younger FAs. Contacts other than medical consultations comprised a substantial part of the work with FAs, especially among middle-aged and elderly FAs. Problems arising from the musculoskeletal system, psychological and social problems were most common among FAs, often in combination, while chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes were not crucial for frequent attending. Few FAs consulted as frequently in the preceding years and the following year, as in 1991, but still they accounted for more consultations than CPs during these years. More female FAs than males and CPs were divorced. The study indicates that FAs require a long-term strategy where continuity and accessibility are often important. They might also have profited by more time. However, FAs were a heterogeneous group of patients and follow-up studies and individual studies of FAs would be of interest.